What is Anemia?

What is Anemia?

Anemia is a medical condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells (RBCs) or a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin, the protein in RBCs that carries oxygen to tissues throughout the body. This deficiency results in reduced oxygen delivery to cells, leading to various symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, dizziness, and rapid or irregular heartbeat.

There are several types of anemia, each with different causes. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type and occurs when the body doesn't have enough iron to produce hemoglobin. Other types include vitamin deficiency anemia (such as B12 or folate deficiency), hemolytic anemia (where RBCs are destroyed faster than they're produced), and anemia of chronic disease (which can occur in conditions like chronic inflammation or kidney disease).

Treatment for anemia depends on its cause but may include dietary changes, iron or vitamin supplements, medications, or in severe cases, blood transfusions. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications and improve quality of life for individuals with anemia.

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